Lincoln in the Bardo
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- Create Date：2021-08-09 09:55:30
- Update Date：2025-09-06
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- Author：George Saunders
- ISBN：1408871777
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Summary
In his long-awaited first novel， American master George Saunders delivers his most original， transcendent， and moving work yet。 Unfolding in a graveyard over the course of a single night， narrated by a dazzling chorus of voices， Lincoln in the Bardo is a literary experience unlike any other—for no one but Saunders could conceive it。
February 1862。 The Civil War is less than one year old。 The fighting has begun in earnest， and the nation has begun to realize it is in for a long， bloody struggle。 Meanwhile， President Lincoln’s beloved eleven-year-old son， Willie， lies upstairs in the White House， gravely ill。 In a matter of days， despite predictions of a recovery， Willie dies and is laid to rest in a Georgetown cemetery。 “My poor boy， he was too good for this earth，” the president says at the time。 “God has called him home。” Newspapers report that a grief-stricken Lincoln returned to the crypt several times alone to hold his boy’s body。
From that seed of historical truth， George Saunders spins an unforgettable story of familial love and loss that breaks free of its realistic， historical framework into a thrilling， supernatural realm both hilarious and terrifying。 Willie Lincoln finds himself in a strange purgatory， where ghosts mingle， gripe， commiserate， quarrel， and enact bizarre acts of penance。 Within this transitional state—called， in the Tibetan tradition， the bardo—a monumental struggle erupts over young Willie’s soul。
Lincoln in the Bardo is an astonishing feat of imagination and a bold step forward from one of the most important and influential writers of his generation。 Formally daring， generous in spirit， deeply concerned with matters of the heart， it is a testament to fiction’s ability to speak honestly and powerfully to the things that really matter to us。 Saunders has invented a thrilling new form that deploys a kaleidoscopic， theatrical panorama of voices—living and dead， historical and invented—to ask a timeless， profound question: How do we live and love when we know that everything we love must end？
February 1862。 The Civil War is less than one year old。 The fighting has begun in earnest， and the nation has begun to realize it is in for a long， bloody struggle。 Meanwhile， President Lincoln’s beloved eleven-year-old son， Willie， lies upstairs in the White House， gravely ill。 In a matter of days， despite predictions of a recovery， Willie dies and is laid to rest in a Georgetown cemetery。 “My poor boy， he was too good for this earth，” the president says at the time。 “God has called him home。” Newspapers report that a grief-stricken Lincoln returned to the crypt several times alone to hold his boy’s body。
From that seed of historical truth， George Saunders spins an unforgettable story of familial love and loss that breaks free of its realistic， historical framework into a thrilling， supernatural realm both hilarious and terrifying。 Willie Lincoln finds himself in a strange purgatory， where ghosts mingle， gripe， commiserate， quarrel， and enact bizarre acts of penance。 Within this transitional state—called， in the Tibetan tradition， the bardo—a monumental struggle erupts over young Willie’s soul。
Lincoln in the Bardo is an astonishing feat of imagination and a bold step forward from one of the most important and influential writers of his generation。 Formally daring， generous in spirit， deeply concerned with matters of the heart， it is a testament to fiction’s ability to speak honestly and powerfully to the things that really matter to us。 Saunders has invented a thrilling new form that deploys a kaleidoscopic， theatrical panorama of voices—living and dead， historical and invented—to ask a timeless， profound question: How do we live and love when we know that everything we love must end？
Reviews
Daniel Palevski
，
Quite strange and hard to understand initially， but the fun of it reels you in and the resolution at the end makes it worthwhile。
Po Dan
，
Deliciously strange… Probably in my top five this year so far
Katie
，
So， I listened to this book and it took me awhile to figure out what the fuck was going on！ I think actually seeing the text would have helped as I was getting started。 But， the audiobook was probably easier to "read" in the long run because all of the characters were voiced by different people。 Over 160 people， I think。 Some narrators were celebs and it was fun to try and figure out who was who。 On one hand， that distracted me from the story at times。 On the other hand， I feel like hearing the So， I listened to this book and it took me awhile to figure out what the fuck was going on！ I think actually seeing the text would have helped as I was getting started。 But， the audiobook was probably easier to "read" in the long run because all of the characters were voiced by different people。 Over 160 people， I think。 Some narrators were celebs and it was fun to try and figure out who was who。 On one hand， that distracted me from the story at times。 On the other hand， I feel like hearing the different voices might have helped with the chaos of the narrative。 I guess， having never seen the way the book was printed， I don't really know。 Anyway， the story was weird as hell and told in a very unique way， but was also a beautiful meditation on what it means to be alive （or， dead rather）。 The end had me weeping in my car on the way to the grocery store。 。。。more
Ulysses
，
This book is slow to get started— the reader has to not only figure out what the heck is going on， but also acclimate oneself to the author’s stylistic gimmickry— but perseverance pays off; once one has gotten comfortable with the proceedings， this turns out to be surprisingly moving book。
Sue
，
I tried。 I wanted to like it and kept at it until I was halfway through the book， but just couldn't get into the flow。 I tried。 I wanted to like it and kept at it until I was halfway through the book， but just couldn't get into the flow。 。。。more
Eileen
，
I did not like this。
Ryan
，
Weird， fun and ultimately moving。
bepassersby
，
The story of Willie Lincoln in the—（Intermediate state。）Bardo。 Even the—（The pre-liminal。）The living will experience the matterlightblooming phenomenon。
Natalie
，
A quick read， Lincoln in the Bardo is not one for the faint hearted。 A story about death， loss， grief， family， and more， this novel has the potential to be hard-hitting if one chooses to stick with it to the end。 While I have no doubt of its literary brilliance according to literary critics， the book leaves something to be desired as far as form， creating a story that while emotional and thoughtful， bounces around too much to entirely keep track of。George Saunders is the author of eight books， i A quick read， Lincoln in the Bardo is not one for the faint hearted。 A story about death， loss， grief， family， and more， this novel has the potential to be hard-hitting if one chooses to stick with it to the end。 While I have no doubt of its literary brilliance according to literary critics， the book leaves something to be desired as far as form， creating a story that while emotional and thoughtful， bounces around too much to entirely keep track of。George Saunders is the author of eight books， including the story collections Pastoralia and Tenth of December， which was a finalist for the National Book Award。 He has received fellowships from the Lannan Foundation， the American Academy of Arts and Letters， and the Guggenheim Foundation。 In 2006 he was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship。 In 2013 he was awarded the PEN/Malamud Award for Excellence in Short Fiction and was included in Time's list of the one hundred most influential people in the world。 He teaches in the creative writing program at Syracuse University。 You can find Saunders at georgesaundersbooks。com or on Facebook at facebook。com/georgesaundersfans。 In his long-awaited first novel， American literary master George Saunders delivers his most original， transcendent， and moving work yet。 Unfolding in a graveyard over the course of a single night， narrated by a dazzling chorus of voices， Lincoln in the Bardo is an experience unlike any other—for no one but Saunders could conceive it。 February 1862。 The Civil War is less than on year old。 The fighting has begun in earnest， and the nation has begun to realize it is in for a long， bloody struggle。 Meanwhile， President Lincoln's beloved eleven-year-old son， Willie， lies upstairs in the White House， gravely ill。 In a matter of days， despite predictions of a recovery， Willie dies and is laid to rest in a Georgetown cemetery。 "My poor boy， he was too good for this earth，" the president says at the time。 "God has called him home。" Newspapers report that a grief-stricken Lincoln returns， alone， to the crypt several times to hold his boy's body。 From the seed of historical truth， George Saunders spins an unforgettable story of familial love and loss that breaks free of its realistic， historical framework into a thrilling， supernatural realm both hilarious and terrifying。 Willie Lincoln finds himself in a strange purgatory where ghosts mingle， gripe， commiserate， quarrel， and enact bizarre acts of penance。 Within this transitional state—called， in the Tibetan tradition， the bardo—a monumental struggle erupts over young Willie's soul。 Lincoln in the Bardo is an astonishing feat of imagination and a bold step forward from one of the most important and influential writers of his generation。 Formally daring， generous in spirit， deeply concerned with matters of the heart， it is a testament to fiction's ability to speak honestly and powerfully to things that really matter to us。 Saunders has invented a thrilling new form that deploys a kaleidoscopic， theatrical panorama of voices—living and dead， historical and invented， to ask a timeless， profound question: How do we live and love when we know that everything we love must end？ This novel seems to be praised mostly on two things: the first， its form and the second， it's emotional journey。 The form itself is like reading a play， but the speaker's name comes after their piece of "dialogue" or internal monologue， rather than before。 For me， that meant it was hard to keep track of who was speaking。 Due to the sheer number of ghosts helping narrate the story， I also felt like I was wading through too many voices for a story that should have felt like a clear shot。 It was difficult to get emotionally invested in the ghosts narrating the story because as soon as I understood what one ghost/piece was saying， we were jerked to the next ghost/story。 The story itself is rather choppy， and it takes a minute to get acclimated to the form—during which time you might lose the first few important threads to understanding the story。 And if you lose the threads， like I think I did， then you end up working with the details you are given and trying to build the story up from there。 This can make for a rather frustrating reading experience if one really wants to get attached to the story， or for someone who at least is trying their hardest to uncover the genius beneath the avant-garde form。 This does seem like a very emotional novel， with a heart-wrenching journey through loss and grief， and understanding when one's time has come to depart。 Having never experienced a loss through death， however， I felt like these emotions flew right over my head， and didn't quite hit where they were expected。 A good author would know how to make someone feel like they'd experienced the cornerstone experience of the novel （in this case， losing someone through death） even if they hadn't， and Saunders just did not accomplish that feat。 I can attribute this to its choppy form， which doesn't leave much room for longer， emotional sentiments。 I can also attribute this to the fact that the story jumps between ghosts too often for a reader to get emotionally invested in any one story， including Lincoln's and Willie's。 On the flip-side of this story of personal loss， there is also depictions of the country's loss， through the Civil War。 We can't even feel emotionally connected to that here， or at least I couldn't。 This tragedy is one that has been taught in history books since our births， yet one that we still can't always fully comprehend。 Saunders has a chance here to bring new information to light， or to get readers more emotionally connected to the tragedy， and he doesn't take it。 Instead， he depicts the tragedy of the Civil War through numbers that we can't fully comprehend， and with facts that we've heard so many times before， that we've been desensitized to them。 I'd really been looking forward to seeing how Lincoln's loss affected how he approached ending the Civil War， and yet that， too， didn't get much of a spotlight at the end。 The book includes chapters where Saunders incorporates quotes from real historical texts， mixed in with some of his own fabricated historical voices。 At first， I got the feeling that he did a bunch of research on the time period and wanted to put the best lines he found to use。 Once I understood， however， that it was a mix of real and imagined voices （all of which were created with careful authenticity—nothing felt fake）， I appreciated the time and effort put into the approach。 He really did have to research how different people wrote and how different kinds of people communicated， and the language of the day in which these people were born and raised。 I also appreciated how these chapters specifically were all about building an image of Lincoln—what he physically looked like， how he was coping with the loss of his son from the outside， criticism of his choices when outsiders couldn't have known the real story。 In some ways， these were the most real parts of the story， in the sense that I felt mostly connected to Lincoln despite having spent more time with the ghosts。 However， I do wish Saunders had chosen to incorporate one more chapter at the end utilizing his historical and imagined historical sources—we see Lincoln a bit before and a lot during his loss， but not any accounts of him after the fact。 A more satisfying ending would have included the outsiders commenting on him after his loss—did he ever seem to move on， did he always seem to carry it with him， did his loss change his mindset about the war in any tangible way， did knowing Willie had found a better place bring him a sense of outward peace that journalists would have recognized？ Answering those questions would have made for a more poignant ending。 The ghosts' stories are so intricate and detailed， and so thoughtful。 The main narrators are Roger Bevins III and Hans Vollman， men with interesting pasts who manifest in ghost forms in interesting ways that don't quite make sense until the very end。 There is a lot of detail and emphasis on many of the ghosts' stories， in ways that sometimes detracts from the main story of Lincoln and Willie， yet without enough time and development to make you care past the time it takes to listen to any one story。 This creates an environment where it's difficult to get invested in the stories or understand why it's important to know what happens to each ghost， other than the two or three recurring ghosts。 In the end， this book seems like it has really profound statements on life， loss， death， and grief if one really can stick themselves in the narrative and painstakingly keep track of every tiny detail until the end， but since the form is so experimental and does not allow itself to get attached to any one character， it means that readers， too， cannot find a way to get attached， unless they have the shared experience and emotions to attach them to all of the characters。 You can find more of George Saunders at georgesaundersbooks。com。 *This review can also be found on my blog， toreadornottoreadnm。blogspot。com* 。。。more
Amrita Chatterjee
，
A strange yet beautiful bedlam of conscience & duty， the spirits & the afterlife， and of regret & hope。 All coming together in a poignant tale of part-real & part-imagined moments， surrounding the great tragedy in the life of Abraham Lincoln。
Hunter Burke
，
Wow。 This book surprised me so much。 I've had a copy of Lincoln in the Bardo for about three years now， and all this time I hadn't read it。 I was intimidated by it， to be honest。 It's such a heady concept， and structurally unlike any novel I've ever read。 But I finally gave it a chance， and I am so glad I did。Lincoln in the Bardo is a play， but it's also a quilt of historical documents， as well as a meditation on grief， and a compelling/complicated portrait of Abraham Lincoln。 The novel is set i Wow。 This book surprised me so much。 I've had a copy of Lincoln in the Bardo for about three years now， and all this time I hadn't read it。 I was intimidated by it， to be honest。 It's such a heady concept， and structurally unlike any novel I've ever read。 But I finally gave it a chance， and I am so glad I did。Lincoln in the Bardo is a play， but it's also a quilt of historical documents， as well as a meditation on grief， and a compelling/complicated portrait of Abraham Lincoln。 The novel is set in Oak Hill Cemetery over the course of a single night， and is narrated by the various spirits who linger amongst the tombstones。 It's also a ghost story！ This sounds like a lot to juggle in a novel， and it is， but Saunders handles all of these ideas with a deft hand。Structurally， the novel alternates between dialogue from the spirits of Oak Hill Cemetery and quotes from historical documents that have been sewn together to provide context for the world of the living。 The inciting incident is the death of Willie Lincoln， the 11 year old son of Abraham Lincoln。 What follows is a stunning journey through a purgatory-like space when spirits yearn to return to that previous place they no longer inhabit。This book was thrilling to behold。 Because I work in theatre， I think I had an advantage coming into this book。 It is decidedly theatrical， most of the text being made up of dialogue。 At times， it reads like a conventional script。 As I made my way through the novel， I imagined what it might look like onstage。 The characters all feel so alive， their voices organic and lived in。 The rules of this purgatory get slowly revealed to us at the novel goes on。 It's an exciting space to inhabit as a reader， and an unexpected one given the inspiration for this novel。I thoroughly enjoyed reading this。 It's not for everyone， but if you like experimental writing or theatre， I'd definitely give this one a chance。 There's an unexpected emotional sweep to it that caught me by surprise in the last 30 pages or so。 This is a novel I will return to in the future。 So stunning。 。。。more
Bec
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Really well written， interesting characters who are actually entirely preposterous but so well written one does forget about Hans' constantly bobbing member。 Really well written， interesting characters who are actually entirely preposterous but so well written one does forget about Hans' constantly bobbing member。 。。。more
David Wiggs
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I tried。 Truly。
Sally Kesh
，
Would have given this 5 stars at the half-way point， but by the second half I got tired of the bardo storyline and the book dragged on far too long。
Heather
，
This book is purposefully odd。 In some cases I got it， a bardo is essentially ghosts， ghosts would have weird relationships with bodies， so intellectually I got why a central character had an "engorged member"。 For me， that wasn't funny though。 And it was supposed to be。 I audiobooked it。 It won best audiobook or something like that for the year， which makes sense。 There are tons of famous people Voice Acting。 They did a wonderful job。 Many times it felt more like a play than a book。 One of thos This book is purposefully odd。 In some cases I got it， a bardo is essentially ghosts， ghosts would have weird relationships with bodies， so intellectually I got why a central character had an "engorged member"。 For me， that wasn't funny though。 And it was supposed to be。 I audiobooked it。 It won best audiobook or something like that for the year， which makes sense。 There are tons of famous people Voice Acting。 They did a wonderful job。 Many times it felt more like a play than a book。 One of those plays that is a series of monologues without much plot， but after a few rounds of monologues， plot would jump in to get us to the next batch。 I love plot so that wasn't a great narrative structure for me。 Oh！ And that isn't all--there are chapters of historical quotes from Lincolns time。 This book had everything and I wanted to like it， but my humor didn't match and I'm in a different spot on my relationship with death。 。。。more
Jessica Z
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Absolutely brilliant production！ What an unusual book， and so beautifully done。 Highly recommend！
Gareth Morgan
，
Just no。 Saints preserve us from experimental American authors who are ‘reinventing’ literature， and the awards judges who don’t call out ‘emperors new clothes’。
Rich
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I'm just not a fan。 It's clever。 It's funny。 It's ingenious。 I just didn't find it fun or interesting until I was two-thirds through it。 There's just not enough linear plotline for me。 A friend who 'read' it on an audio version liked it a good deal more， and I think in retrospect the vast number of characters lends itself to audio presentation better than traditional hard copy reading。 I'm glad I read it， but I wouldn't read it again， nor would I strongly recommend it。 There are better ways to s I'm just not a fan。 It's clever。 It's funny。 It's ingenious。 I just didn't find it fun or interesting until I was two-thirds through it。 There's just not enough linear plotline for me。 A friend who 'read' it on an audio version liked it a good deal more， and I think in retrospect the vast number of characters lends itself to audio presentation better than traditional hard copy reading。 I'm glad I read it， but I wouldn't read it again， nor would I strongly recommend it。 There are better ways to spend your time。 。。。more
Joy Donley
，
I have never read a book like this one。 It's completely different from everything I've read。 The mix of historical quotes along with the fictionalized quotes--Saunders really created a style all his own， I think。This book's depiction of death and grief is so deep， so achingly sad。 I cried many times， as I could relate to losing a son。 The descriptions of the phenomenon of flashing through life events that these souls didn't experience。。。well， that was enough to make me put down the book and cry I have never read a book like this one。 It's completely different from everything I've read。 The mix of historical quotes along with the fictionalized quotes--Saunders really created a style all his own， I think。This book's depiction of death and grief is so deep， so achingly sad。 I cried many times， as I could relate to losing a son。 The descriptions of the phenomenon of flashing through life events that these souls didn't experience。。。well， that was enough to make me put down the book and cry for a good while。 。。。more
Ellie
，
3。5。 Well that was one bizarre book that could have used some editing。 What I did like was how different it was from anything else I have read。
Eden Books
，
Heartbreaking。 Masterfully written。
Claudette Townsend
，
The format is too weird for me。 The audio was confusing， so I tried the book。 Still don’t get it。
Katie
，
Maybe even five stars。 I didn't know what to expect and that made this even more beautiful。 Maybe even five stars。 I didn't know what to expect and that made this even more beautiful。 。。。more
Ruth Gibian
，
Quirky and original， Lincoln in the Bardo is the fictionalized story of the death of Willie Lincoln， President Lincoln's son who died when he was a child。 But of course it's bigger than that; it's about death in general and therefore about life。 It's about what happens when we leave things unfinished， when we are afraid to let go of life。 It's about the power of kindness and love and the enormity of grief。 It briefly is about justice and racism and the Civil War， even。 Saunders is nothing if not Quirky and original， Lincoln in the Bardo is the fictionalized story of the death of Willie Lincoln， President Lincoln's son who died when he was a child。 But of course it's bigger than that; it's about death in general and therefore about life。 It's about what happens when we leave things unfinished， when we are afraid to let go of life。 It's about the power of kindness and love and the enormity of grief。 It briefly is about justice and racism and the Civil War， even。 Saunders is nothing if not richly and unabashedly imaginative in his work and he really lets loose here， with weird and bawdy characters and a cosmos of the in-between that is not at all pat。 I very much appreciated the fictional references he used in some chapters， though they were also more than I wanted to read through at times。 Certainly worth reading。 。。。more
C
，
Yes， this book is technically historical fiction。 But I liked it a lot so I don't really consider it historical fiction， considering that the death of Willie Lincoln and Abraham Lincoln's ensuing grief seem only to serve as the inspiration and loose direction for what the book is actually about。 Which is， a surreal examination of grief and death and regrets as told only through dialogue and excerpts from fake historical texts， the dialogue coming from the ghosts of the dead buried in the same ce Yes， this book is technically historical fiction。 But I liked it a lot so I don't really consider it historical fiction， considering that the death of Willie Lincoln and Abraham Lincoln's ensuing grief seem only to serve as the inspiration and loose direction for what the book is actually about。 Which is， a surreal examination of grief and death and regrets as told only through dialogue and excerpts from fake historical texts， the dialogue coming from the ghosts of the dead buried in the same cemetery as Willie。 One of these ghosts has a massive dick。 Very weird， surprisingly funny， and yes I cried。 。。。more
Bill Varon
，
Not quite finished reading this one。 Was hard for me to get through character and plot development， and I almost put it back on the shelf。 But I'm glad I hung in there as it's turning out to be well worth the effort and time investment。 Interesting context and setting around how this story is narrated by ghosts in the bardo。 Not quite finished reading this one。 Was hard for me to get through character and plot development， and I almost put it back on the shelf。 But I'm glad I hung in there as it's turning out to be well worth the effort and time investment。 Interesting context and setting around how this story is narrated by ghosts in the bardo。 。。。more
Raewyn
，
This review has been hidden because it contains spoilers。 To view it， click here。 this book is really kind of Out There stylistically; some of it made sense （19th century spelling and turns of phrase; ghosts who are not totally there mentally） but some of it I didn't get （why is Willie always just dropping the last word of a sentence？）That said， once I got into it I had a good time。 I liked the bit where all the ghosts piled into Abraham Lincoln and remembered how nice it is to exist in relation to other people。 this book is really kind of Out There stylistically; some of it made sense （19th century spelling and turns of phrase; ghosts who are not totally there mentally） but some of it I didn't get （why is Willie always just dropping the last word of a sentence？）That said， once I got into it I had a good time。 I liked the bit where all the ghosts piled into Abraham Lincoln and remembered how nice it is to exist in relation to other people。 。。。more
Lexi
，
i think i would have preferred a book just about hans vollman and roger bevins iii
Michael Behrmann
，
Was immer man sonst über das Buch sagen mag， es ist definitiv originell！ Zugegeben， es dauert einige Zeit bis man sich an die ungewöhnliche Darstellungsweise gewöhnt hat， aber sobald man erst mal kapiert hat wie der Hase läuft， ist „Lincoln im Bardo“ ein richtig gutes Buch das eine richtig gute Geschichte erzählt。Ich muss allerdings einräumen， dass， wenn ich mir überlege wie der Roman sein könnte， wäre er völlig traditionell erzählt – also nur nur durch Dialoge， Tagebucheinträge， Briefe usw。 – e Was immer man sonst über das Buch sagen mag， es ist definitiv originell！ Zugegeben， es dauert einige Zeit bis man sich an die ungewöhnliche Darstellungsweise gewöhnt hat， aber sobald man erst mal kapiert hat wie der Hase läuft， ist „Lincoln im Bardo“ ein richtig gutes Buch das eine richtig gute Geschichte erzählt。Ich muss allerdings einräumen， dass， wenn ich mir überlege wie der Roman sein könnte， wäre er völlig traditionell erzählt – also nur nur durch Dialoge， Tagebucheinträge， Briefe usw。 – er mir vermutlich sogar noch etwas besser gefallen hätte。 Bei der Kritik wäre er in diesem Fall aber ganz gewiss nicht halb so gut angekommen。 Der Autor hat insofern also alles richtig gemacht。 Wobei， ob das Buch ein genauso großer Verkaufs- wie Kritikererfolg gewesen ist weiß ich gar nicht so genau。 Wie auch immer， der Roman verdient eine Chance， also nicht gleich abschrecken lassen， man kommt relativ schnell rein。 Und es gibt wirklich viele ungewöhnliche Ideen und auch einige echt witzige Momente。 Und am Ende wird es sogar noch ausgesprochen anrührend。 Lohnt sich also！ 。。。more
Reference
google book https://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&q=Lincoln in the Bardo
hathitrust digital library https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/ls?q1=Lincoln in the Bardo&field1=ocr&a=srchls&ft=ft&lmt=ft
The British Library https://bll01.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,Lincoln in the Bardo&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=Not_BL_Suppress&vid=44BL_INST:BLL01&lang=en&offset=0